USSR

The Soviets had experimented with a rudimentary camouflage design as early as 1937, and were fielding several additional patterns by the end of the Second World War. Many of these designs were later traded to other Eastern European nations such as Albania andRomania, while the USSR itself continued to modify and expand upon wartime designs to create more practical camouflage during the formative years of the Cold War. The early Soviet uniforms were lightweight, cheaply-produced and not very hardy, but by the time the 1980s rolled around significant advances had been made by Soviet uniform manufacturers, resulting in a durable cotton twill combat uniform that would remain essentially unchanged until the early years of the 21st century. Soviet camouflage designs, although not terribly sophisticated, were nevertheless effective for their time and have been reproduced in a multitude of variations by most countries of the former USSR.

In December of 1991, following a failed military coup d'etat, the USSR was dissolved into 15 independent states including Russia.